[3] Jack D. Warren Jr., America's First Veterans (Washington, DC: American Revolution Institute of the Society of Cincinnati, Inc., 2020), 97. From March to May of the same year, he appeared on muster rolls dated at King's Ferry, a major crossing point on the Hudson. Others, born free, joined and fought for home, country, and a hope to get any financial footing in life. WebLoyalist Muster Rolls During the American Revolution, muster rolls were prepared by the commanding officer of each company of a regiment for the express purpose of paying the officers and soldiers. [22] If Freeman settled at camp with men who fought at Monmouth, he would have heard conversations about the battle. The most common killers were influenza, typhus, typhoid, and dysentery. HyTSwoc
[5laQIBHADED2mtFOE.c}088GNg9w '0 Jb [8] Might a man named Fortune Conant, possibly enslaved, who may have been freed during service, changed his name, stating for all of posterity his status of being a "free man" prior to reenlisting in 1781? Rather than wait for deliverance, the army located supplies, built log cabins to stay in, constructed makeshift clothing and gear, and cooked subsistence meals of their own concoction. With that tattered discharge note, we now can follow Fortune Freeman's paper trail, which begins in 1781 in Hingham, Massachusetts. 2011-05-16T09:36:32-04:00 [18] Fortune Freeman, Pension No. in American History and also has a B.A. For Washington to split his army and keep half in New York and half on the march, he had to assemble units quickly that could march with speed. Additionally, no recorded Massachusetts regiments participated at Brandywine during the battle. However, when looking through muster rolls, there is no record of a "Fortune Freeman" enlisting in 1776 in Danforths company. When Fortune Freeman enlisted in 1781, it brought the guarantee of pay. In Fortune Freeman's testimony about his Revolutionary war service, he remembered enlisting under a Captain Elijah Danforth in 1776. Colonel William Prescott's militiaheld their own until ammunition ran low, repulsing the British from Bunker Hill. Henry Allen Hazen, "History of Billerica, Massachusetts, with a Genealogical register. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. There is no record, however, of any Fortune Freeman or Conant that served in Nixon's regiment after June 4, 1780. The name Fortune Conant appears only in muster rolls. Order of Battle. battle of monmouth muster rolls https://iccleveland.org/wp-content/themes/icc/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg 150 150 ICC ICC American attack at the Battle of Monmouth on 28th June 1778 in the American Revolutionary War. Washington's Officers at Valley Forge. 27, Image 523, via FamilySearch.org. If Fortune Freeman is Fortune Conant, it is possible that he returned to Boston after his first discharge. He appeared on muster rolls for York Hutts, an encampment in New Jersey, from November 1781 to January 1782. Index card abstracts of accounts, muster and pay rolls, descriptive lists and accounts, etc. From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster [27] Fortune Conant, Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War. "[41] He also said that he had no family aside from an 18-year-old daughter named Mary and revealed her status as "bound out to service. While encamped at Valley Forge, General Washington asked for a delegation of Oneida and Tuscarora warriors sent to his army. NARA M804, page 4, via Fold3.com. WebUnder Dearborn the 3rd regiment was at the Battle of Monmouth, where some of its most soldierly men participated. If Freeman had bounty bonds from prior service as Fortune Conant, they would not mature until 1785. Inflation and depreciation meant that these bounty payments were not worth their face value by the time soldiers were paid. Archive.org. Organized January-February 1776 at Chester from Chester, Bucks, and Lancaster Counties. WebFrom 1878 to 1898, all muster rolls and pay lists are in WO 16. 1, Image 114, via FamilySearch.org. WebThe muster rolls from the War of 1812 are a miscellaneous group of nine companies (mostly from East Tennessee) that served as volunteers or militia during the war. wG xR^[ochg`>b$*~ :Eb~,m,-,Y*6X[F=3Y~d tizf6~`{v.Ng#{}}jc1X6fm;'_9 r:8q:O:8uJqnv=MmR 4 The records were acquired from the Massachusetts State Archives in Boston. Records only give us a part of someones life, and sometimes they are misremembered, forgotten, or incomplete. Herkimer's militia, whichconsisted of 60-100 Native Americans from the Oneidatribe, were ambushed by the Seneca and Mohawk tribes in alliance with the Britishat the Battle of Oriskany. WebMost unit muster rolls did not specify the race of soldiers. It is estimated that less than 200 African Americans served in the unit during the conflict. Washington wrote to fellow Continental general Philip Schuyler that The Oneidas and Tuscaroras have a particular claim to attention and kindness, for their perseverance and fidelity. These warriors arrived atValley Forge on May 15, 1778. A muster roll of 16 Creek Indians who arrived presumably in late 1850 or early 1851. Not only were they serving in units from the northern colonies, but 58 African Americans had mustered into the North Carolina Line. The battle on Bunker's Hill took place on June 17th, 1775 and was one of the crowning victories for the 38th and the whole of the British army. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\
$FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= Muster rolls and officer commissions are recorded in: 1. WebWith the return of the Continental army to the outskirts of New York City following the Battle of Monmouth Court House in June, muster rolls of the army were taken in White The final event Freeman explicitly mentioned in his pension application is the capture of Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis and his army, after the Siege of Yorktown, which lasted three weeks. The 1st Rhode Island, which was first created in 1775, saw action straight through the war, fighting at the Siege of Boston, the New York and New Jersey Campaign, Battle of Red Bank, the Battle of Rhode Island, and the Siege of Yorktown. During the action at Barren Hill, Oneida soldiershelped delay the advancing British force. Some of the muster rolls provide the date when duty began, and in the case of officers, the date of their commission, and perhaps some additional comments indicating such types of information as whether they were detached on special duty or the dates of any desertions. After 1778, a stalemate set in around the New York area, with no major campaigns. [28] Conant also appeared in a bounty note issued by the State of Massachusetts Bay on January 1, 1780. NJDARM: Collection Guide - Elnathan Haskell's Company in the 4th Massachusetts Regt. NARA M853, page 64, via Fold3.com. [15] Freeman may have recalled Danforth easily as a familiar name to him in his younger days. Muster Roll dated August 24, 1780. Hannigan wrote that digging into muster rolls led him to "to believe that Fortune Freeman was originally a slave from Essex County, Massachusetts named Fortune Conant." When troubles threatened with the Colonies, the 38th was one of the first corps despatched from Ireland to America. Throughout his pension testimony, Freeman only names one company captain that he served under Captain Danforth. S 43,572, Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files. [36] "Alexander Scammell," The Society of the Cincinnati in the State of New Hampshire, https://www.socnh.org/alexander-scammell/. /CS0 cs 1 scn [43] "New York (State). [2] Freeman did not have a unique experience as a veteran in poverty. The troops also constructed miles of trenches, five earthen forts (redoubts), and a state-of-the-art bridge over the Schuylkill River. 1852. [10] Field and staff rolls 1775-1780, Muster/Payrolls and Various Papers (1763-1808) of the Revolutionary War, Vol. p. 736 pgs. Although "sadly in want of clothing" the brigade participated in the battle of Monmouth. WebThe Battle of Brandywine was the largest single day engagement of the American Revolution where nearly 30,000 soldiers (not including civilians, teamsters, servants, and He was the only officer, orginally What follows are two stories presented as part of a possible whole: one of a man named Fortune Conant, who served for three years from 1777-1780, and disappeared after his discharge, and another about a man named Fortune Freeman, who claimed to have served the entirety of the war, struggled to live a life in the new nation in New York City, and ultimately died in poverty. [13] Fortune Conant is listed as joining Elijah Danforth's company the same company Fortune Freeman remembered joining over 40 years later when he applied for his pension in New York City. In 1777, British strategy included a plan to capture Philadelphia, the patriot capital. On May 6, 1778, the army joyously celebrated Frances alliance with and formal recognition of the United States as a sovereign power. WebWashington rapidly set troops in motion to bring on a general engagement with the enemy. There is no record of an African American serving higher than the rank of corporal in the main army. In choosing a site for quarters, Washington had to balance the Continental Congresss wish for some type of winter campaign aimed at dislodging the British from the capital against the needs of his weary and poorly supplied army. [40] Fortune Freeman, Pension No. The largest conglomeration of tribes, the Iroquois Confederacy, split along regional lines. It appears that Freeman, presumably because of his lengthy combat and campaign experience, is listed as "on command" with a Colonel Alexander Scammel, who led a New Hampshire regiment. uuid:3d7d0c57-d1b8-4aa6-b03e-56b0d8f90c70 You can browse these by regiment. For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individuals name. From 1816 to 1856, the musters are principally of the Royal Corps of Sappers and Miners, and list only NCOs and other ranks. The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers Mifflins Division|2nd Pennsylvania Brigade| 5th Pennsylvania Regiment. 6. WebA unique historical record compiled from the rolls made by the Hanoverian army of the Duke of Cumberland after the Battle of Culloden in 1746. Right Of Way When Backing Into Driveway,
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