By the late 1570s, one person in four in Norwich was a refugee who had come into the city within the previous ten years. Between 1627 and 1652 they reclaimed 40,000 acres of fenland. Download our Summer 2023 programme - Please note: we are almost fully booked for the Summer term. This may well be borrowed from the Dutch plein. By 1620, there were around 4,000 Dutch and Walloons living in Norwich, comprising a quarter of the citys population. The Frequency column shows the percentage of people in this county or town Today, there are a few obvious reminders of the Strangers of old. Gyles Cambye, a Dutch immigrant dyer living in Norwich, told the court that he was trading with Arthur Rotye, another Dutch immigrant, who lived in London. In many cases, registration districts were broadly equivalent 23 were still at the place of origin, 81 were still within 5 miles of it, 123 were within 6 - 10 miles away, 239 were 11 - 20 miles away, 151 were 21 - 30 miles away, and 122 lived over 30 miles from the locative place of origin. Van Wervekin told his wife to bring two wooden dishes to make butter as the English only ate pig fat. The Mayors Court dealt with petty offences in the city, and inevitably some incomers found themselves involved. All over the world, migration stories have been featured prominently in the news in recent years. When the immigrants first moved into the area, they were subject to detailed restrictions from controls over what they were allowed to buy and sell, to an 8pm curfew intended to stop drunkeness and disorder. Have a look for yourself below: Smith - 13,011 people Brown - 5,974 Taylor - 4,617 Wright - 4,425 Jones - 3,853 Clarke - 3,559 Green - 3,467 Moore -. Norwich City Football Club is known as The Canaries. On 5th November 1564 Elizabeth 1 granted thirty 'journeymen' - foreign craftsmen from Flanders - the right to live and work in the city of Norwich. Click to reveal There was no pattern to suggest a large migration from any one part of the County, to another. Their nickname is the Canaries. These 'diverse strangers of the Low Countries' had fled to England to escape religious persecution in their homeland. The Elizabethan Strangers: Victims of success The Stranger community grew rapidly from the original 30 households. A Gannett Company. Most of these people were Dutch speakers, but a considerable number were French speakers; the latter are known as Walloons. Town Records Mayors, Lord Mayors and Sheriffs, 1835-2010 It was calculated that 355 people had arrived since 25 March 1571, made up of 85 Dutchmen, 25 Walloon men, 85 women and an unspecified number of children and also one Frenchman from Dieppe. Others, though, remained, and made England their new home. But, the Dutch and Walloons did not lose their own identity and culture. The April 2017 edition ofCurrent Archaeology magazine has an interesting article on an excavation of an Iron Age site in Fenland, and is celebrating their 50th anniversary of publication. Walloons remain a distinctive ethnic community within Belgium. Strong trading links had existed between Norwich and the Low Countries before the 16th century, evident from very early Wills of Dutch and Flemish people already settled here. This week is Refugee Week and an opportunity to celebrate Norwichs long history of welcoming incomers to the city. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was one of Laud's most committed followers, and frequently quarrelled with the Stranger community. The strangers at Norwich from the first were placed under a strict and special rule; a book of orders was drawn up by the Corporation and settled by a committee of the Privy Council, From time to time these articles were varied, but it was not long before they were allowed in a measure to fall into abeyance, on account of the prosperity brought to the city by the successful trade of the strangers.. They also helped to rebuild an area north of the River Wensum after it was devastated by fire in 1507. However, events quickly overtook them as the arrival of the Duke of Alva in the Low Countries in the wake of the Beeldenstorm However, there was migration down from Northern England, particularly from Yorkshire, but even from NW England. Description. to parishes, but not necessarily so. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. As these examples demonstrate, there is an enormous amount of information about the community and its members to be gleaned from archives held in the Norfolk Record Office: further research would undoubtedly provide a great deal more fascinating detail as to the economic and social life of this refugee community in Norwich four centuries ago. The Total column shows the total number of people in that county or town with this surname. Register or sign in to read or purchase an article. Locals were often upset when immigrants set up business in other trades, such as tailoring and shoe-making because this created unwanted competition. John also translated military books from French to English, acting in some sense as a cultural go-between. someone with the surname of RALLISON in Norfolk than you would be in the whole of the UK. Collecting, caring for, and making unique Norfolk records accessible. The Strangers 1560 - 1600 AD In 1571, a return of the Strangers, recorded that there were 4,013 Strangers in Norwich. The arrival of the Strangers from the Low Countries in the 16th century was the result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by the Catholic Spanish rulers of that region of Europe. Johns great nephew, Timothy, attended the same London academy as Daniel Defoe, who used his classmates surname for his hero, Robinson Crusoe. This Norridge is recorded in the place names list for that county in the year 1203 as Northrigge, and does . The Total column shows the total number of people in that county or town with this surname. Despite the friction the Norwich textile trade continued to flourish, the Strangers married into local families and their otherness gradually faded. Follow Norfolk Tales, Myths & More! A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a 58-year-old woman disappeared from her 850,000 Norwich farmhouse. Weddings at Strangers' Hall offer the perfect city centre location without the city centre hustle and bustle. These migrations look more rural. John Crusos son, John II, studied, like his uncle Aquila, at Cambridge, and would become a noted Anglican priest. An Overview: The arrival of the "Strangers" from the Low Countries in the 16th century was the result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by the Catholic Spanish rulers of that region of Europe. Tom Christiaens. The real treasure of today's book shop excavation however, was an old booklet published in 1969 by Leicester University Press in their Department of English Local History Occasional Papers. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The value of 0.40 in Norwich St John means that you are 0.40 times as likely to find Before moving to England their skills in this area had been deployed in draining the marshes from Dunkirk to Calais. British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. Some had simply moved from close to the Norfolk county boundary. In 1578, Queen Elizabeth I made a state visit to Norwich, which may have been a specific attempt to demonstrate her support for the Strangers. Norwich was the centre of a large textile industry but in the 16th Century (would this be better coming before the previous paras reference to 18th and 19th centuries?) Yamouth and Norwich had lower concentrations than the average. Where the index is higher than 1, then you are more likely to find someone called RALLISON here However, the relationship between the Norwich Strangers and the English was generally stable. Lollards Pit - A Grim Tale of Persecution! The Forum, Millennium Plain, Norwich, NR2 1TF. They rejuvenated the local economy, and by the end of the 16th Century the city was prospering again. In 1565, the Queen invited Dutch weavers to settle in Norfolk in a proclamation in which she referred to them as "Strangers" and as "England's most ancient and familiar neighbours". Like his father he became a church elder, working for many years alongside the minister, Johannes Elison, whose portrait was painted by Rembrandt in 1634, and whose monument can still be seen today in Blackfriars Hall, where the Dutch church met for worship. Some surnames marking their nationality did survive in 16th Century Norfolk, such as French, Ducheman, Briton / Brett (Breton) etc. in this county or town, compared with the probability of finding them anywhere in Britain as a whole. Street range:- Early C16. The Dutch community presented her with a pageant and a silver-gilt cup worth 50. The Duke of Alva had ruthlessly pursued them as heretics and many were raped, murdered or . A table then shows the distances of the persons (still within the County of Norfolk) with these locative surnames from origin. For example, immigrants listed at Norwich in 1440, included persons by the surnames Rider, Johnson, Forest, Skynner, Couper, Bush, Goldsmyth, and Glasier. A short history of Strangers hall and some of the people who lived and developed it. Norwich Cathedral must be the number 1 visitor attraction dating back to 1096 and having the 2nd highest spire in England. How many were there? Another census of 1583 calculates that there were 4,677 Strangers in the city. He names his wife Mary and his son Theophilus (also later the pastor of the Dutch church in the city) as executors, and two other prominent members of the community, Francis Dacket and John Cruso, as supervisors. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was one of Lauds committed followers, and frequently quarrelled with the Stranger community. A number of politic men, or arbiters, were appointed and they negotiated agreements between the authorities and the Strangers. British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. From the beginning of the seventeenth century, the original wills sometimes survive, such as that of John Hovenagel, made 19 January 1603: he describes himself as: Drapier; inhabitant and allient within the cittie of Nortwhich in the kingdom of Inglornd. However, Norwich was not free from xenophobia. Performance & security by Cloudflare. County Court. As there was a serious outbreak of plague in the city in 1579, in which the incomer community was particularly badly hit, there must have been well over 5,000, probably nearer 6,000, members of this refugee community before it struck and this in a city with an English population of no more than 12,000. Hunstanton: The Wreck of the S.T. We'll email you when there are new posts here. The Cripple, Her Partner and Sea Rescues! Johns father, Jan, was a cloth merchant, who became a church elder and militia man in his adopted home of Norwich. Just how much did they, and others, contribute though, to the genealogy of Norfolk and East Anglia. What were their occupations and social status and what were their daily lives like? Around one person in every 68 in Norfolk is a Smith there are 13,011 of them. Bateman Clarebote (Winnezele) Clapettia Clercke (Dutch) Baet Bake (Ypres) Bartingham (Dutch) Coene (Ypres) Dedecre (Dutch) De Linne De Mol De Turk (Flanders) Der Haghe Mathei may have had 2 sons Eustacius and William , also born in Old Hunstanton in 1549 and 1551.. The second reason was that, with their skills in weaving, the new immigrants were of immense economic value. A Norfolk Womans Propensity for Social Status! An index of 1 means that if you pick someone at random from this county or town, you have exactly the same It also suggests that about a third of all English surnames are locative, and proposes a rough approximation, that this could. probability of picking someone called FECK as if you picked at random from the whole of the UK. Strangers' Hall, Charing Cross, Norwich, Norfolk, NR2 4AL https://www.museums.norfolk.gov.uk/strangers-hall Textile pattern photographs are copyright of Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service with textile pattern books held in the Bridewell Museum, Norwich. http://www.edp24.co.uk/features/how-norwich-s-strangers-helped-a-fine-city-stay-a-great-one-1-5256445, http://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/immig_emig/england/norfolk/article_2.shtml, https://thosewhowillnotbedrowned.wordpress.com/2011/06/24/the-norwich-strangers-16th-century-refugees/. Your IP: He was the son of incomers from Hondschoote, now in French Flanders. These immigrants were to become so well integrated into the local community that they were no longer Strangers. Twenty-four of the householders admitted were Dutch and six were Walloons the latter a Romance ethnic people native to Belgium, principally its southern region of Wallonia, who spoke French and Walloon. The chapter begins by discussing the problems of using locative surnames in a study. Sheraton. The anti-Protestant policies of their Habsburg ruler, Philip II of Spain, together with economic hardship and war, forced many people to leave the Low Countries. Influence by both religion and international politics, the Crowns attitude towards foreigners was constantly shifting and this can be seen filtering down in the treatment of the Norwich Strangers. These refugees were known as Strangers and they taught local workers to produce new types of cloth in different ways which boosted the textile industry. The Norfolk Record Office has many documents that Moen did not use which bring alive the Stranger communities in the city. 15/154 (south side) 26.2.54 No 6 (Strangers Hall Museum) GV I. First settlers [ edit] . For example, there were 86 people called RALLISON in Norfolk at the time of the 1881 census. In something of a parallel, Robinson, just like John, was forced to adapt to his new life on an island away from the country of his heritage. The distribution of these surnames was by no means urban based. Two minor criminal cases before the Mayors Court reveal the Dutch love of gardening. The Corporation of Norwich purchased this right in 1578 for the sum of 70 13s. Over the years, strong personal links were forged between the two communities: wealthy Strangers married into the Norwich elite, they sent their children to the local grammar school and they formed business partnerships with local merchants. These are just the surnames of some of the Norwich Strangers, mentioned in the above book. Mother of Ralph Marsham and Elizabeth Marsham. The first 'strangers' were Dutch, Walloon and Flemish refugee weavers who fled the low countries in the 16th century as a result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by their Spanish (Catholic). The book draws on surnames recorded in the County of Norfolk, during the 16th Century AD. Finally, John published Dutch verse. Solempne printed books for use by the Dutch Calvinist church in Norwich, including a Dutch psalter and a confession of faith. someone with the surname of FECK in Norwich St John than you would be in the whole of the UK. Like the rest of the top 10, these names make up less than 3pc of those who bear the name across the rest of the country. Oops, you forgot to fill in your email address, Canaries and Weavers: The Flemish Strangers in Norwich, Wizo Flandrensis and the Flemish Settlers in Wales, Boers and Creoloid: The Legacy of Dutch Migration to South Africa. In November 1569, the number of strangers was calculated at 2,827 (752 men, 681 women, 26 servants, 1132 children), all which company of strangers, we are to confess, do live in good quyet and order, and that they traveyle [work] diligentlye to earn their livings. In October 1571 the total number of Strangers was 3,993 (1,056 men, 1,095 women, 1,862 children). In 1582, three English men, probably boys as one was described as an apprentice, were whipped for breaking into the orchard owned by Giles Vanderbrook, alien, and stealing apples and pears. It was calculated that 355 people had arrived since 25 March 1571, made up of 85 Dutchmen, 25 Walloon men, 85 women and an unspecified number of children - and also one Frenchman from Dieppe. A blue plaque commemorating Solempne in Norwich An index of 1 means that if you pick someone at random from this county or town, you have exactly the same Katherine, anchoress of St Margaret, Newebrigge, Cricket in 19th century Norfolk: the legend of Fuller Pilch, Strangers-A brief history of Norwichs incomers, https://www.archives.norfolk.gov.uk/our-services/record-searchers, The Boys are Back in Town! Personal ties were formed through marriage and friendship. Exeter, Devon Plymouth, Devon Rotye did come, and he taught his skills to an English dyer in the city and his apprentices. Tom Christiaens. This site is part of Newsquest's audited local newspaper network. the latter a Romance ethnic people native to Belgium, principally its southern region of. A later will of great interest is that of John or Johannes Elison, pastor of the Dutch church in Norwich, and best-known from the portraits that were painted by Rembrandt of him and his wife. Christopher Joby. https://thosewhowillnotbedrowned.wordpress.com/2011/06/24/the-norwich-strangers-16th-century-refugees/. By 1600, Norwich weavers were even facing a shortage of yarn and labour. The author then discusses possible biases, for example, some parts of England appear to have generated more locative surnames than others. Even if the Strangers were not involved in these activities, as religious separatists they still viewed with suspicion by the authorities. this industry was struggling. Your email address will not be published. One good example of this is John Cruso, born in Norwich in 1592. No violation of any copyright or trademark material is intentional. Later the word came to be used for a particular group of incomers refugees from the Low Countries from 1567 onward, who were fleeing from persecution in their own land, and who found a welcome in the city. We're taking booking enquiries at norwichcastle.bookings@norfolk.gov.uk or 01603 493636. In 1565, City authorities invited Protestant refugees from the Spanish Netherlands to settle in Norwich to boost the City's textile industry. The actual figure Similar entries occur within the records of Norwich Quarter Sessions where, to take just one example, it is recorded that Thomas Bucke is assigned as apprentice to John Halfebers, alien, in 1573, to be taught the mystery of lace weaving. They include well-known Norfolk families such as the Boileaus, the Columbines and the Martineaus. NRO: NCC will register Cawston 261. In June 1602, Willemyne Clyncket, the wife of James Demara, went to the leaders of the Dutch community to complain that her daughter had been badly bitten by a dog owned by Pyrma, widow of Francis van Dycke: Willemyne had called in a surgeon and the Dutch leaders decided that Pyrma would have to pay the surgeons fee of 3. They were famous for breeding canaries, and the football club's name is one of their most famous legacies. Where were they from? The Strangers reputation was not helped by evidence that radical religious books were being smuggled into Norwich from the Low Countries, or by the flow of English Puritans to Rotterdam in the 1630s led by William Bridge, where they established a Gathered Church A church which asserts the autonomy of the local congregationits members believe in a covenant of loyalty and mutual edification, emphasising the importance of discerning Gods will whilst gathered together in a Church meetins. I want to share at least some of the key points from two chapters of "Norfolk Surnames in the Sixteenth Century": 1) Surnames derived from localities in Norfolk, and 2) Locative surnames originating outside Norfolk. The Elizabethan Strangers, often referred to as just the Strangers, were a group of Protestant refugees seeking political asylum from the Catholic Low Countries, who settled in and around Norwich. There were very few surnames of any origin type that could be safely regarded as Scottish. 01603 727 950. CADDIS, Winterton/West Flegg, 1918, [email protected] Mike Caddis He arrived in 1567 with his family including his son Jan, then aged 7. But some are far more common than others. This is not a new story just a resume. They reached many villages. These adverts enable local businesses to get in front of their target audience the local community. These Strangers were broadly welcomed in this area of Eastern England and there were two main reasons why. The Elizabethan Strangers, often referred to as just the Strangers, were a group of Protestant refugees seeking political asylum from the Catholic Low Countries, who settled in and around Norwich. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. He accused one congregation of Strangers of damaging the Bishop . Sources: Immigrants in Norwich were offered citizenship rights before those of any other town, and the corporation made full use of the Stranger skills and expertise. [1][2][3], Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service - Strangers' Hall. contact the editor here. They wrote letters to friends and family they had left behind sending news of their new home. He had worked in Antwerp as a merchant, but after arriving in Norwich, he operated a printing press in the town between 1568 and 1570, probably with the help of a typesetter from Holland, Albert Christiaenszoon. This comprised elegies, including one to Johannes Elison, a long meditation on Psalm 8 and 221 Dutch epigrams. A Norfolk tailor, Richard Whitterel had two sons, who both became apprentices of incomers, one to be trained as a bay weaver the other as a pin maker. Interestingly, when a crowd tried to foment attacks on the Strangers in 1570, it was the ring-leaders of the anti-Stranger faction who were executed. in this county or town, compared with the probability of finding them anywhere in Britain as a whole. Old Crome, the Norwich School and Much Else! Flicking through it's pages on the way home, sitting on the bus, I was well, almost mind blown - as some of the conclusions knocked down some of my preconceptions of my Norfolk ancestry and heritage. Poor miss early but excellent for Wallace goal and almost scored goal of season from . They supported English parishes by donating money to them and Dutch and French schools were established in the area. Unsubscribe anytime. The Osborne Court Norwich Residents Association Ltd. Osborne Court . Luke and Phil Platten from Platten's Fish and Chips in Wells. Reblogged this on Norfolk Notes and commented: Richard Tomkins SALYER Abraham, Norwich St. George Colegate,1609, gdsalyer@msn.com Gerald Dee Salyer SAMPHER, Wells/any place,1850 - 1970, johnland10@aol.com John Land SAMPHER and variations, Syderstone/Great Bircham etc./Watton/Holkham/Wells, 1630 - 1900, c.woods45@btinternet.com Chris Woods SAMPSON, King's Lynn, any time, jornele@aapt.net.au The Norman Cathedral is one of the finest in England, with its magnificent Cloisters and Cathedral Close. By 1568 there were well over a thousand Flemish and Dutch in Norwich, known locally as Strangers, many of them from Ieper in West Flanders. Augustine Steward House and the Lady in Grey! You may like to try contacting a local record searcher who can carry out specialised, targeted research on your behalf. Keon Alexander Partner,
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