The Genesis creation account is absolutely unique among all creation stories, both in its simplicity and in its scientific accuracy. and Kramer 1983: p. 8). Une fois leurs missions de rintroduction accomplies, ces missionnaires sont repartis do ils venaient. Nikola Tesla and numbers 3, 6, 9: The secret key to free energy? Why is it that people try to compare the ancient Sumerian tablets, sayingthat they are similar to the book of Genesis? He does not receive a covenant, Christian Zionists claim that the modern state of Israel is a fulfillment of biblical prophecy. [13]:3741, The ancient Mesopotamians regarded the sky as a series of domes (usually three, but sometimes seven) covering the flat earth. For six days and seven nights, gusts, heavy rains, thunder, lightning and hurricanes broke the Earth like a jar. Historians have dedicated significant efforts to authenticating the biblical narratives of the Exodus. Neolithic Stone Balls: The Northern Rosetta Stone? (do not forget the Q & A below with more details about the Gilgamesh Epic). Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality www.ipibooks.com), historical and archaeological accuracy of Genesis (Reasons For Belief www.ipibooks.com), and so forth. Imaginons un instant que ces diffrents Dieux ntaient pas le fruit de limagination des anciens, mais quils taient bien rels. The famous tower of babel story from Gen 11:1-9 has strong Mesopotamian echoes. Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. The Sumerian Flood Story (also known as the Eridu Genesis, Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Deluge Myth) is the oldest Mesopotamian text relating the tale of the Great Flood which would. Although a close correlation exists between these lists, it seems the Sumerian list has omitted the first man and the man who survived the Flood (Adam and Noah). The account of the exodus describes one of the most incredible miracles of the Bible: the opening of the waters of the sea to let the fleeing Israelites pass through (Exodus 14:21-31). [43]:133135. [14]:179 Male deities became dominant[14]:179 and the gods completely lost their original associations with natural phenomena. The Sumerian goddess Inanna also developed the counterpart Ishtar during the Old Babylonian Period. It is interesting that these topics arise in this first creation story, perhaps shining light on events that everyone can relate to (government and sacrifice). In the Sumerian version, the pious Ziusudra It was therefore under the name of El that God addressed this call to Abraham. But ti also means to keep alive. Then Atrahasis scattered to the four winds all the specimens of the living beings that were still in the ark, and made a sacrifice: placing the meal on the top of the mountain, he placed seven ritual vases to drink on each side and, in the background, poured into the perfume burner, cymbo, cedar and myrtle. The Sumerian culture, which can be traced as far back as the beginning of the Fourth Millennium BC, was the source of all the myths of Middle Eastern civilizations that followed, such as the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian people who inherited much of the Sumerian culture. A Sumerian myth known today as " Gilgamesh and the Netherworld" opens with a mythological prologue. Puisque nous sommes lge des possibles pour expliquer ce pass, nous pouvons alors formuler des hypothses hors du champ connu. (Video), Pompeii Unveiled: Discovering the City's Most Amazing Secrets (Video), What Did Ancient Greece Really Look Like? If the Bible, and therefore Genesis, is indeed inspired by God, then the most likely conclusion is that Gilgamesh represents a tradition which goes all the way back to the actual flood which is recorded in Genesis, and that the account in Genesis, being inspired by God, is a separate, but much more accurate depiction of the actual events which occurred in this massive event as described in Genesis chapters 5-7. One possibility is that the flood is an actual event, the memory of which was carried forward by the survivors, finding its way into both Gilgamesh and the biblical account. Enki and Abraham was a native of the great Sumerian city Ur. Throughout the history of civilization, the notion of the apocalypse has been a recurring theme in human history, transcending cultures and religions. Chacune de ces religions dcrivant dans le dtail des tres venus dailleurs avec des technologies avances (pouvoirs divins apparents pour ceux qui ne pouvaient pas concevoir ces technologies). deities get into an argument. There are significant similarities between the Gilgamesh epic and the flood account in Genesis, which seem to defy coincidence. Returning to Enki and Ninhursag, we find a possible parallel to Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. from the dead. La Bible est un fatras. JC. To reward him, he then granted immortality to Atrahasis, but made humans less disturbing his tranquility, requiring Ea to reduce mens life time, and introducing disease, sterility, and other weaknesses to men. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality. and bears eight new children, each of whom are the cure to one of Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. Many ancient cultures have supernatural great flood stories with the continuity of the human race ensured by one righteous hero. [15] The middle dome of heaven was made of saggilmut stone and was the abode of the Igigi. but is given eternal life. la thorie des anciens astronautes dErich Von Daniken, Cuneiform tablets containing the list of Sumerian kings leave historians perplexed. This mans name is in Egyptian Mssw and reads Moses. The Hebrew alphabet comes from the Egyptian hieroglyphs, The Egyptian wisdom on which the Bible is based, The Ten Commandments and the Law of Maat, The Egyptian origins of the Bible: the Moses who ruled Egypt, The Ten Commandments and the Law of Ma'at, similarity between Egyptian texts and the Bible, Joconde : The real secrets of Mona Lisa finally revealed, The Stargate and the Egyptian Pyramid Secret, an incredible discovery, The belief in one God in ancient Egypt, teaching of Hermes. children and so was cursed by Ninhursag, receiving one wound for [17]:75 He was the patron and creator of humanity[17]:75 and the sponsor of human culture. Shotelel, Pharaohs second wife, had also given him a son: Siptah but he has polio. noter quun parallle intressant a t dmontr entre les textes sumriens et lancien testament avec deux corrections majeures, lentit Dieu est devenu masculin et unique. It can be noted that the Bible also follows the Sumerian texts with regard to the life time of men but without giving any explanation: The Biblical Noah would have lived 950 years, his grandfather Methuselah, 969 years old and his father Lamech died young at 777 years old, then after Noah the life time actually decreases, his son Sem lives 600 years, the son of Sem, Arpakshad lives 438 years and this decreases until now. Nammu was a goddess representing the primeval waters (Engur), who gave birth to An (heaven) and Ki (earth) and the first deities; while she is rarely attested as an object of cult, she likely played a central role in the early cosmogony of Eridu, and in later periods continued to appear in texts related to exorcisms. Main article: Sumerian creation myth The tale of Ziusudra is known from a single fragmentary tablet written in Sumerian, datable by its script to the 17th century BC (Old Babylonian Empire), and published in 1914 by Arno Poebel. [37] An was the ancient Sumerian god of the heavens. [14]:178179 The earliest Sumerian literature of the third millennium BC identifies four primary deities: An, Enlil, Ninhursag, and Enki. To conclude that Judaism evolved from a nascent polytheism is speculation which is not justified by the Hebrew text of the Bible. sweet water. Before the creation of man, the Gods were divided into two groups, the higher deities, the Anunnaki and the second order deities, the Igigi. It should be noted that the word El in Hebrew has come to designate the one God, especially in the compound names IsraEL, GabriEL, EmmanuEL, etc. One of the possible theories on the origin of Moses, see also the link to the article given above on the secret of Tutankhamun. Among the Israelites who had survived the first disasters, many later died in the tidal wave that followed, as Psalm 68 tells us. No votes so far! weeping for Tammuz (Dumuzi) during a drought. Certains Textes des Pyramides Vme dynastie, vers 2500 ans avant J.C. indiquent que le dieu originel Atoum engendra huit divinits (SHOUT & TEFNOUT qui engendrrent GEB la terre et NOUT le ciel, qui engendrrent OSIRIS ISIS SETH NEPHTYS HOTUS lancien ne pas confondre avec Horus fils dISIS et OSIRIS) responsables de la cration du monde. While mankind had existed prior to that time for thousands and tens of thousands of years, this was the first creation story ever recorded in history. [17]:114 It had seven gates, through which a soul needed to pass. Did both accounts arise from a common real event in the distant past? [14]:179 The Akkadians syncretized their own gods with the Sumerian ones,[14]:179 causing Sumerian religion to take on a Semitic coloration. This is a potentially fruitful area of research for Bible believers as well. She put me in a basket of reeds, which she sealed with bitumen. for hundreds of years. Il ne faut pas se laisser impressionner par ce qui nest pas dit mais il faut apprendre comment gurir les malades et comment chasser les dmons. To deny any possible common root to these two flood stories seems unrealistic. He himself will be called the great chancellor of the whole country and will govern the country with her. I think it is fascinating to look at various creation stories. Traces of Sumerian religion survive today and are reflected in No more than this one: on a wall of the tomb, the double cartouche (the engraved signature) of an obscure pharaoh, Ai, whose name, in hieroglyphics, resembles that in the Aramaic Bible, of God, pronounced Adonai (Aton-Ai). Both were influenced by a massive flood. (MT 10:35-37, LK 12:51-53, 14:26, MT 23:9) God and Murder: God says killing is wrong, yet he advocates genocide. The gods and the kings of ancient Sumer would drink from this milk to become strong and immortal. On peut dailleurs lire dans le Papyrus de Boulaq (Germond et Livet, 2001) : Salut toi, R matre de Mat [] tu es lUn, qui a fait tout ce qui existe, lUn unique qui a fait les tres, des yeux duquel les humains sont issus [], auteur des herbages qui fait la vgtation pour les humains, qui a produit la substance des poissons du Nil et des oiseaux [], qui donne le souffle vital celui qui est dans loeuf, celui qui produit la subsistance des volatiles, comme celle des reptiles et des insectes, qui fournit des provisions aux souris dans leur trou . Since cuneiform is an ancient and unspoken language, there have been certain scholars who have dedicated much time to translating the writing. It is in this continuity that the tablets of Sumer will be inscribed by offering a fresh look at the first chapters of Genesis. The Yahwist source (J), details Noah's Ark, by Rembrandt van Rijn, 1660, via Art Institute, Chicago, USA. A similar story is described in the Sumerian tablets. True, second millennium, that is correct, estimated around 4500 bc. [14]:184 Nanna was god of the moon and of wisdom. [14]:180 Each dome was made of a different kind of precious stone. The goddess created to heal Enkis coast is called Ninti, the Lady of the Coast. [16][15] The celestial bodies were equated with specific deities as well. Humans were believed to have been created by AnKi or Enki, the son of the An and Ki. Achilles and Patroclus: Close Confidants or Passionate Paramours? about Why Mount Sinai is in Egypt and Other Exodus Enigmas, about A Nearly 1,100-Year-Old Hebrew Bible Could Be the Most Expensive Ever Sold, about The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Unleashing the End of the World. and the pass "like good princely cream" (Kramer 1981: Notons que dautres divinits peuvent jouer un rle plus direct dans la cration de la faune, de ses modes de vie, et de ce qui lui permet de subsister, mme si le dmiurge reste linstance suprieure lorigine de toute vie. Thanks, Sumerian tablets vs. Bible: Do you know about their similarities and differences? (Author provided) The Forbidden Fruit For millennia people have assumed the forbidden fruit of Eden to be an apple. Sumerian myths were passed down through the oral tradition until the invention of writing (the earliest myth discovered so far, the Epic of Gilgamesh, is Sumerian [dubious - discuss] and is written on a series of fractured clay tablets). p. Site design and hosting by . This was a society that invented writing, and had advanced knowledge of mathematics, science and astronomy. And this literary pun passed into the Bible where it naturally lost its value since in Hebrew the words meaning coast and life have nothing in common. The stretcher chest, on the other hand, could be similar to the Ark of the Covenant as described in the Bible. She was known for her intelligence, beauty, and powerful political acumen. Dog and chest were covered with a sacred cloth reminiscent of the Hebrew prayer shawl. In the book of Genesis, the patriarchs never take a stand against the other gods, they simply attach themselves to El. He is represented in a statue, sitting himself on Ras throne, with the young pharaoh on his lap! This week we are going to analyze the oldest creation story ever recorded, known as the Eridu Genesis. [19], It is generally agreed that Sumerian civilization began at some point between c. 4500 and 4000 BC, but the earliest historical records only date to around 2900 BC. Lisez donc les crits de cet Italien qui a crit : La Bible nest pas un Livre sacr DE plus la kabbale a rafl lArbre de Vie/Kundalini chez les Sumriens. he is from the tribe of Israel and lived between -922 and -700. flood lasts a long time, but Ziusudra comes to rest within seven Periodic death and rebirth The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power. He was the ancestor of all the other major deities[38] and the original patron deity of Uruk. Aqqi the water pumper taught me his job as a gardener. Being written by as many as 40 authors over a span of 1600 years, one would expect to find some inconsistencies. This is perhaps appealing to some as Dumuzi's Akkadian Can you give me a source/reference for that please? [citation needed], Some stories recorded in the older parts of the Hebrew Bible bear strong similarities to the stories in Sumerian mythology. In 597 BC, Nebuchadnezzar II took Jerusalem, thus ending the independence of the kingdom of Judah and the dynasty of David. The second chapter of Genesis Sumerian mythology and religious practices were rapidly integrated into Akkadian culture,[40] presumably blending with the original Akkadian belief systems that have been mostly lost to history. Where do we go when we die? From an historical or literary point of view, this is hard to disprove. The full story can be found here: https://www.livius.org/sources/content/oriental-varia/eridu-genesis/. His sister Geshtinanna also rises from the dead, and if one counts Enki fills it with lagoons and palm trees. It is quite possible that both the Bible and ancient mythology are referring to real events that have taken place, expressed in a way that was relevant to the people of the time. They were the first that we know of to do so. those born as deities, Inanna does as well. Again, we see an incredible similarity with the accounts of James and John. 49-51, 53-54), The ten patriarchs in Genesis born prior to the flood lived very I believe the Bible is based on actual events. Et aujourdhui encore, dans les pays o lon pratique le Bouddhisme Theravada (je ne sais pas pour les autres formes de bouddhisme), avant de devenir moine, les pratiquants shabillent en blanc et sont appels naga (nak en tha). , La Croix, the largest French Catholic newspaper. The Sumerian-Akkadian pantheon was altered, most notably with the introduction of a new supreme deity, Marduk. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? With the exception of a few occurrences in the book of Daniel and in the Chronicles, it generally refers to the god of Israel. [30]:xiii,xv[13]:101 Many of the myths involving her revolve around her attempts to usurp control of the other deities' domains.[32]. Then it states or implies they got it from genesis. [31] Deified kings may have re-enacted the marriage of Inanna and Dumuzid with priestesses. However, if one can assume that the book of Genesis is inspired by God, then the idea of the Genesis flood account being borrowed from Gilgamesh does not work. There is a great wealth of evidence supporting the belief that the books of the Bible, and specifically the book of Genesis is indeed the inspired creation of God. The gods Ninurta and Enlil kept their original Sumerian names. Why do people try to find relationships between these? Just where and when these events took place and what exactly transpired is something we may never know. According to Kabbalah, at the beginning of creation, things called Sephiroth, meaning circles or orbits, with both material and spiritual characteristics took shape. there are eight antediluvian patriarchs. Dumuzi and Jesus because Dumuzi is a shepherd-king and he is resurrected Presumably, the book of Genesis has its roots in Mesopotamia from the early part of the second millennium BC. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins). (Video), 10 Jaw-dropping Engineering Marvels of the Inca Empire, Lost City Revealed: The Mysteries of Nan Madol Uncovered (Video), Hidden in Plain Sight: The Pterodactyl of New Guinea. I found your post very interesting. 2- The text is a perfect parallel between Enki eating forbidden plants and Adam eating the forbidden fruit. Among the Akkadians, he was also the god of the air and the sky, and finally became the creative god among the Canaanites. p. 142,145) or "fine oil" (Kramer & Maier 1989: p. It was in 1945 that I discovered this explanation. Erich Von Danikens theory of ancient astronauts, Historians are perplexed by the list of Sumerian kings on cuneiform tablets containing the list of Sumerian kings, The genesis of humanity: Secret histories of civilizations: see on Amazon The civilizing gods: The genesis of humanity: see on Amazon The Bible as you have never read it: Did the Gods come from the stars? In reality, God did not punish only the Egyptians, the testimonies gathered in World in Collision prove that all the peoples of the earth, including the Hebrews, suffered from disasters during this period. Later, Atrahasis settled at the mouth of the Great Rivers, in the Garden of Dilmun where Ea lived. [18][19], The Sumerian afterlife was a dark, dreary cavern located deep below the ground,[19][20] where inhabitants were believed to continue "a shadowy version of life on earth". deities from the earth mirrors a return to life of plants. pp. Lahar and Ashnan or Enten and Emesh are similar in some respects More broadly, it is in Babylon that the people of Israel will lay the foundations for a Judaism that is now deprived of the Temple. Sumerian religion was the religion practiced by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia. Why is it that people say the ancient Sumerian tablets are similar to the book of Genesis? It is also possible that the purpose of the Bible was to gather all the knowledge of this people after terrible disasters: In his book Worlds in Collision, Dr. Immanuel Velikovsky compares the ancient texts of many people around the world that relate to major disasters such as the account of the ten plagues of Egypt mentioned in the Exodus. evil. Sumerian deity. 163-164; Kramer 1961 An Inspirational Courtesans Tale, Was Anne of Cleves Too Ugly for King Henry VIII? (Genesis 5). Listen Top Shows Blog Discover #PoliticsAF Show!HOT ON THE TRAIL OF TRUMP GOIN' 2 FN JAIL! Origin not from second century but from the second millenium. The Sumerian belief system offers a fascinating insight into the lives of these ancient people as they struggled to establish the first empires of man. [14]:184. The waves even covered the tops of the mountains. The ancient civilization of Greece is a historical period that has long been a subject of fascination and intrigue. , Ten years later, following a revolt, the city was besieged again: the Temple of Solomon was destroyed and a large number of Jews were deported to Mesopotamia. Dilmun is a pure, bright, and holy land - now often identified with We are sorry that this post was not useful for you! Then: unable to hide him any longer, she found him a papyrus basket, coated him with bitumen and pitch, put the child in it and placed him in the rushes on the banks of the River. According to the Jewish document Megillah 14b, there were eight prophets who are not considered prophets by Christians. Historians wondered how a people who had not created a great civilization could have invented a writing, we know today that the Hebrew alphabet comes from the Protosinaitic alphabet which itself comes from Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Sumerian writers, by playing on words, came to identify The Lady of the Coast with The Lady who gives life. 25), The quarrels between herder god and farmer deity pairs such as As to the Israelites receiving the story from the Neo-Babylonians while in captivity, I find this explanation very unlikely for a few reasons. The hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh . And, at the entrance to the treasure room, guarding the tomb, lying on a chest, the dog Anubis (or Anapi): in Hebrew, Nabi means guardian of the law. First the underground world was believed to be an extension of the goddess Ki, but later developed into the concept of Kur. The pagan traditions associated with it have survived through the centuries, with many still A large Viking burial mound found on the island of Karmy off Norways western coast was long thought to be empty. Not only do people in Asia and America tell the same story, but they also describe manna, that food that falls from the sky! A Visual Tour (Video), Behind the Scenes of Ancient Greece: Exploring the Daily Life of its People (Video), Trove of Ancient Artifacts Discovered in Paestum Include Dolphin Statuette of Eros, TheiaGreek Goddess of Light, the Sun, the Moon, and Wisdom, Greeces East Attica In Antiquity: Playground Of Gods, Heroes And Heroines, A Face to the Legend: The Quest to Reconstruct Cleopatra's Look (Video), Aspasia - The Real-Life Helen of Troy? The Sumerian and Egyptian origin of the Bible: who wrote the Bible? Imaginons alors quils nappartenaient pas la mme espce et ntaient pas originaires de la mme plante et quils reprsentaient une mission intergalactique charge de rintroduire des espces disparues depuis longtemps sur un autre monde teint. Lorsquil a commenc enseigner, un naga sous la forme dun homme est venu suivre son enseignement mais Bouddha a vu que ce ntait pas un humain et lui a expliqu que son enseignement ntait que pour les humains. Professor Evans, in his book Paradise Lost and the Genesis, also focuses attention on the Cte dve: The Sumerian words for coast ti and life til were represented by the same ideogram; therefore the goddess Nin-ti could be both the lady of the coast and the lady who gives life. Humans are all interconnected, but they all have a unique background and culture. On the seventh day, the sea calmed down and stopped, and the ark landed on Mount Nishir. #art #music #CoMeDy &#PoliticsAF! eight antediluvian kings of in the Sumerian King List also lived (New American Bible The Sumerian Language 306 C. Votive Inscriptions 308 The Sumerian Flood Story (also known as the Eridu Genesis, The Flood Story, Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Deluge Myth) is the oldest Mesopotamian text relating the tale of the Great Flood which would appear in later works such as the Atrahasis (17th century BCE) and The Epic of Gilgamesh (c. 2150-1400 BCE).. While I was a gardener, the goddess Itar fell in love with me and so I exercised royalty for fifty-six years. There are two possibilities to explain this. His consort was the goddess Shala. Excerpts from Kabbalah (esoteric practices), which were believed to be Jewish (given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai), were found on older Egyptian texts and are surely part of the teaching of the elders transmitted in mystery schools and which would be taught today by the Frankish Masons and the Roses crosses. ), but the existence of such a people and civilization was not even suspected until the middle of the 19th century. version of the Sumerian King list, found in Larsa details ten antediluvian Sumerian Tablets The Sumerian tablets were written by the Sumerians. That is the big question, there are different theories, if Pierre Jovanovic talks about bad translation or invention by an unhealthy and misogynistic scribe, Eric DeBroqueville thinks more of an invention due to what these Canaanite peoples were suffering: the frequent deportations caused by the Babylonians for example. The king-priest, wearing a net skirt and a hat with leaves or feathers, stands before the door of a temple, symbolized by two great maces. [citation needed]. The Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh dates back nearly 5,000 years and is thought to be perhaps the oldest written tale on the planet. April Holloway is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. I am sure that those who do this do so for a variety of reasons. out of the watery abyss and the heavens and earth are divinely separated In the Sumerian versions death Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. [17]:109 She was the divine personification of the planet Venus, the morning and evening star. 1. For example, the biblical account of Noah and the Great Flood bears a striking resemblance to the Sumerian deluge myth, recorded in a Sumerian tablet discovered at Nippur. The true secret of Tutankhamun finally revealed. The Sumerian belief system offers a fascinating insight into the lives of these ancient Les dieux gyptiens taient nombreux et varis, cependant certains se dtachent et nous les retrouvons dans la figure jointe. Introduction. , It was also at this time that the biblical account was written, which partly took up Babylonian myths while adapting them to Jewish anthropology.. Nevertheless it is not true to say that there is absolutely nothing in common between Judaism and Mesopotamian religion. The most important section of Kabbalah is the theory of the formation of the universe. [14]:203 The planet Venus was believed to be Inanna, the goddess of love, sex, and war. Kramer, however, did give credence to it, as mentioned by the blogger to whom you linked (see Kramer's History Begins at Sumer, pp. This tree not only contains a crafty serpent, but also Lilith, Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. to a wall. introduces the paradise Eden, a place which is similar to the Sumerian Im surprised that no one has corrected the text. I don't believe before any flood people lived many hundreds of years. The Sumerians believed that the universe had come into being through a series of cosmic births. As far as the New Testament goes, many also draw a parallel between As in Genesis, the Sumerians' world is formed (Kramer 1961 pp. In the Hebrew of the original text it was El, the main god of the Canaanite pantheon, god of the atmosphere, the creator god of heaven and earth, father of the gods, the one who reigns over the other gods. Enlil and a fox act on Enki's behalf to call The Great Flood, and the building of an ark that housed the seeds of mankind, are both mentioned in the Eridu Genesis. Who Closes On The Cooperative Brokerage Agreement,
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